View source for Equipment/HPC LS3060 Laser Cutter

[[File:Laser-cutter-installed.jpg|thumb|right]]
[[File:Laser-cut-key-rings.jpg|thumb|right]]


== '''<div style="color:red">Please don't touch or fiddle with the laser cutter unless you've have been trained. </div>'''==


Training is given most Tuesdays at about 8pm, feel free to ask for help. 
The laser cutter is unlikely to hurt you but you could easily hurt it without training.

==Status==

The cooling system was damaged during the move to unit 23. Unfortunately, the cutter has been put back into commission without it : the only cooling is therefore the capacity of the water reservoir and the laser tube will not tolerate quite small variations in temperature, at the risk of damaging it.

The cutter is operational put is cutting poorly - check the [[Equipment/LaserCutter/LogBook|logbook]] for more information.

Cooling of the laser cutter is now fully automatic.

We're currently trying to [[Projects/RELaserSoftware|reverse engineer]] the [[Equipment/LaserCutter/Software|software]].

Information about additional useful bits of software installed on the machine can be found on the [[Equipment/LaserCutter/Software|software page]].

==Model==
* [http://hpclaser.co.uk/ HPC] LS3060 "plus" laser engraver and cutter.
====Specification====
{| class="topalign"
| '''Laser:'''
|| 40W - water cooled CO<sub>2</sub> laser.
|-
| '''Working area:'''
||
*320 x 600mm honeycomb bed 
*Cutting area possibly about 300 x 550mm. Max attained: 310 x 550 mm (not to be relied upon)
*At extreme of the y-axis (> ~400mm) cutting power can be reduced and require recutting 
|-
| '''Features:'''
|| Air-assist (removes debris from cutting region),
red-dot pointer (to show beam location)
|-
| '''Water cooling:''' 
|| Simple tube cooling circuit connected with (9mm OD, 6mm ID) latex tube.
Uses supplied submersible pond pump (2.8m head, 2800L/H flow).
|-
|}
====Manuals====
* [http://www.scottware.net/Lasers/FAQ/FAQ_17/User%20Manual(DSP5.3).pdf LaserCut software manual]
* [[:File:JSM3040N&3060N Manual.pdf | HPC LS3060 hardware manual]]

==Safety information==
* '''Please don't affect the cooling system without consultation''' - overheating or rapid cooling can damage the laser.
* '''Never leave the laser cutter unattended''' - Your material may ignite, and an unchecked fire in the laser cutter could be both dangerous and costly.
* '''In case of fire''' - Use the CO<sub>2</sub> extinguisher by the laser cutter first. Do not use the powder extinguisher unless you feel that you can't control the fire.
* '''Never cut PVC or chlorinated plastic''' - You should always know what material you are cutting, and chlorinated plastics should be avoided because they release chlorine gas when cut.
* '''Do not try to cut metal in the laser cutter''' - If you wish to mark the metal, please use [http://hpclaser.co.uk/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=17 "Thermark Laser Engraving Spray / Paste"], or use anodised aluminium.

==Instructions==
These instructions are intended as a companion to [[Workshops#Regular_Hackspace_workshops|laser cutter safety training]] - not a replacement.
====Powering on====
# Insert key and turn - the PC is turned on using the 'sleep' button on the keyboard.
# '''Always''' perform the following pre-checks:
## Check that there is a '''CO<sub>2</sub>''' fire extinguisher '''immediately to hand'''.
## Check that the water pump is running
## Check that the extractor fan is on
# '''Caution:''' Be certain that the water coolant is at a suitable temperature.
#* If you are unsure if the cutter has been '''used recently''', or you have been using the cutter for an '''extended period of time''' (an hour or so) check the temperature of the water using the infra-red thermometer.
#* If the water temperature is outside the acceptable operating range (22 &plusmn; 3 &deg;C) then wait for the water to cool before using the cutter.

====Preparing your design====
* Produce your design. There are various options for doing this but [[Equipment/LaserCutter/QCad|QCad]] is a good low-cost choice.
* Start the 'LaserCut' application and load/import your design.
* '''TODO''' Different file types pros/cons
** DXF is nice because it maintains absolute dimensions.
* Sometimes it's useful scale your design. The Laser cutter application allows for this but it's rather quirky:
** From the Laser software menu select 'Tools/Size'
** Calculate and enter your new widths/heights in Google/calc etc.
* Rotating 
** Go to 'Draw/rotal'
** Enter the number of degrees to rotate
* Uniting lines (making the path finding suck a little less)use this if you've used lines rather than polylines is qcad etc.
** Go to 'Tools/Unite lines'
** Use the defaults 
** You should see fewer direction lines, the laser cutter should use a less insane route now.
* The work-area in the LaserCut software is not an absolute representation of the laser cutter bed. The origin must be set relative to your design.
** From the LaserCut application menu select [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Origin-1.png|'Laser/Set laser origin']]
** Move the 'target' cursor and click on the location on your design where you wish to position the origin (this is usually at the top right of the design)
** You may also [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Origin-2.png|manually enter the position]] - the top corner of bed is located at (299, 559)
* Layers can be used in your design to provide combinations of different cut types and engrave options on a single piece. For example you may wish to cut out a key-ring and then engrave a name on it.
** Each layer can be assigned different action, speed and power settings - consult the manual or the [[#Parameters_for_different_materials|wiki]] for appropriate settings.
** Finer control of layer power and speed settings is available by [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Cut-options.png|clicking on the layer]]
* '''Engraving''':
** Try to align the bulk of the engraving with the short axis (y), the laser cutter seems to do passes in this direction only so if you have it aligned to the long (x) axis it will do many short passes rather than fewer longer ones, this can '''massively''' increase engraving time (minutes -> hours)
** Rather than slow down/increase power there is a setting to repeat a layer multiple times, this is very useful if using the engrave option to reach a certain depth.
** For fast prototypes the engraving step size can be changed (default is 0.1mm) a setting of 0.2 is good for depth engraving, again this can speed up the process a lot.
* '''Note''' if something hasn't cut/engraved to the complete depth (or you just want to run it again) it is possible to select which layers are 'output' by scrolling to the right in the layers box, this is very useful for an extra layer of engraving or to confirm a full cut. DON'T move the sheet before doing this.

====Uploading your data file====
* Upload the file to the design and settings to the laser cutter hardware as follows:
** Select the [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Download.png|'Download' button]]
** Remove any existing files by selecting them and clicking 'Del all'
** Download (upload) your file by clicking 'Download current'
** You should hear the laser cutter machine beep.

====Positioning your material====
* '''Caution:''' Know your material - be absolutely certain that your material is safe to use in the laser cutter. If in doubt - ask. For unidentified plastics try [http://www.nycresistor.com/2008/08/28/how-to-identify-polymers-with-burnination/ this test method].
* '''Caution:''' There are a number of electrically live areas inside the cabinet towards the back. Be very careful when reaching around at the back as you may get a shock.
* Place the material on the cutter bed.
* The bed height must be adjusted to the thickness of your material. Different materials should have the beam focussed in different places. Thicker materials should have the beam focussed in the middle of the material. You can adjust where the beam focuses by adjusting the bed height:
** Press the 'Z' button on the [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Z-Axis.jpg|control panel]].
** The display will show 'Z-Axis operate'
** Then press the 'Datum' button
** The display should now show 'Z-Axis datum' and the bed will move to the 0 point. Now you use the up and down buttons to move the bed.
* To make sure that your design will be cut within the boundary of your material you can have the cutter mark out the bounding box with the red-dot pointer. Note that you must upload your design to the cutter before doing this.
** Click the [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Run-box.png|'Run box' button ]] in the laser cutter application
** Observe the path of the red-dot pointer

====Cutting====
* '''Caution:''' Never leave the machine unattended. The laser cuts and engraves by burning the material so '''you must be present''' to deal with any fires should this process undesirably escalate.
* Turn on the air pump on the [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Control-panel.jpg|main control panel]]
* To begin cutting press the [[:File:Laser-Cutter-Screen-Start.png|'Start' button]] in the laser cutter application.
* Monitoring progress
** '''TODO''' What to watch out for
** '''TODO''' What to do in case of problems
* '''TODO''' What to try if the result is not what you expect
* Log your Laser Cutter use in the [[Equipment/LaserCutter/LogBook|logbook]]

==Parameters for different materials==
If you found some sweet settings please share them here.
====Cutting====
{| border="1"
!|Material
!|Thickness (mm)
!|Speed (mm/sec)
!|Power (%)
!|Corner power (%)
!|Examples
|-
|Ply wood
|3
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|MDF
|3
|4
|100
|20
|
|-
|Acrylic - Perspex
|4
|3.5
|100
|21
|
|-
|Acrylic - Palglas
|3
|6
|100
|21
|[[:File:Teabot-Cubauble.jpg|Cubauble]]
|-
|Suede
|1
|25
|100
|25
|
|-
|}

====Engraving====
{| border="1"
!|Material
!|Speed (mm/sec)
!|Power (%)
!|Corner power (%)
!|Examples
|-
|Anodized aluminium (dyed black)
|450
|90
|?
|[http://www.flickr.com/photos/russss/4991794474/ LHS logo on black phone]
|-
|Anodized aluminium (Macbook Pro) (Vector - in "cut" mode)
|100
|100
|80
|[http://www.flickr.com/photos/russss/5091497832/ Russ's Macbook Pro]
|-
|Suede
|250
|15
|80
|
|-
|}

==Consumables==
* [http://www.plasticonline.co.uk/ Plastic Online]
* [http://hpclaser.co.uk/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=3&zenid=b68f5a7bd4307cba7fc3822122b2e661 HPC sheet products] - Laser ply, perspex, engraving laminate - where we purchased the cutter.
* [http://www.theplasticshop.co.uk/ The Plastics Shop] - [[User:MattP|mattp]] purchased the plastic for the first batch of [[Media:Laser-cut-key-rings.jpg|Hackspace key rings]] from here.
* [http://hamaracrylic.co.uk Hamar Acrylic] Cuts to size, and is ~10mins walk from the space. Order by phone and it should be cut and ready to collect on arrival.
**Price guide 320x600x4mm (laser bed size) clear acrylic = £8.
* [http://www.acrylic-online.co.uk/ Acrylic-Online] - [[User:Teabot|Elliot]] has bought some Palglas from here. They cut to size - delivery £8.00. Price guide (incl. VAT):
** 320x600x4mm (laser bed size) clear acrylic (Palglas) = £5.12
* [http://www.hobartlaserables.com/ Hobart Laserables] - wide range of materials: MDF, Birch, Acrylic (clear and coloured), Rubber, Laminates, Anodised metal. Prices seem competitive. [[Nigle]] has ordered from here.
* [http://www.fredaldous.co.uk Fred Aldous] – online craft supplies, free delivery on orders > £30. Polypropylene sheets amongst other things. Alex P has ordered from here.

== Running cost ==

*The tube is £200 for 1000 hours
*The lens+mirrors are £150 for 250 hours
*The power is (say) 1.2kW at £.2/kWh.
*So 200/1000 + 150/250 + 1.2*.2 = £1.04/hour

'''Therefore a recommended donation of £1 for each hour of use would be greatly appreciated.'''

==More information==
* Some useful [http://www.ladyada.net/library/laser/index.html laser info from Adafruit] - the settings section in particular gave a good idea of what we can expect.
* More information about the controller card used by the cutter 
** http://www.leetro.com/english/sale/20.html 
** http://www.leetro.com/english/sale/23.html
** [http://www.jqlaser.com/service/service.html Latest version of the software]
** [http://www.leetro.com/english/down/59.html Firmware for MPC6515 controller and software] (hit the download page for latest version)
* For making boxes, you can use [http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:404 this script] - recommended settings of "--bolt_length 13 --nut_multiplier 1.8" YMMV
* http://rahulbotics.com/personal-projects/boxmaker/?boxmaker/ is also _very_ good for making boxes.
* [http://www.ribbonsoft.com/qcad.html QCAD] - open source .dxf exporting 2D CAD program